Autoimmune Conditions and Eye Health
Autoimmune diseases can impact any part of the body, including the eyes.
Autoimmune diseases are conditions in which the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells. For individuals dealing with these conditions, understanding the potential impacts on vision is crucial. Here, we explore some common autoimmune diseases and how they can affect eye health.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Vision
Multiple Sclerosis often presents early symptoms related to vision, making eye doctors key in identifying potential cases. One of the first signs of MS can be optic neuritis, an inflammation of the optic nerve that can lead to sudden or gradual vision loss.
Psoriasis and Eye Inflammation
While psoriasis is commonly known for its skin-related symptoms, it can also affect the eyes. The disease may cause inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane that covers the white of the eye and the inside of the eyelids, leading to redness and discomfort.
Thyroid Disease and Its Risks
Thyroid dysfunction can increase the risk of developing glaucoma, a serious condition that threatens vision. An overactive thyroid may cause tissue buildup that increases eye pressure, whereas an underactive thyroid might disrupt fluid circulation, leading to elevated pressure within the eye.
Lupus: A Multisystem Challenge
Lupus, a chronic autoimmune disease, can affect the skin, organs, joints, and eyes. Eye-related symptoms can include blurred vision, dry eyes, headaches, light sensitivity, and eye soreness, reflecting the disease's systemic nature.
Type 1 Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy
Type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disorder, is a major cause of blindness in the United States. High blood sugar levels over time can damage the blood vessels, including those in the retina, leading to diabetic retinopathy. This condition involves the weakening of retinal vessels that can result in bleeding within the eye.
Other Autoimmune Conditions Affecting the Eyes
In addition to the diseases mentioned, other autoimmune conditions can also lead to eye health complications:
- Sjögren’s Syndrome: Often causes severe dry eye.
- Ulcerative Colitis: Up to 10% of those diagnosed experience eye inflammation.
- Crohn’s Disease: Frequently causes eye inflammation in sufferers.
- Behçet’s Disease: Three-fourths of those with this condition suffer from blurry vision, eye pain, or redness.
- Uveitis: This condition can cause inflammation similar to the symptoms seen in Behçet’s disease.
Partnering with Your Eye Doctor
Managing autoimmune diseases requires a collaborative approach, especially when it comes to preserving eye health. Regular communication with your eye care provider is key to proactive management of any vision-related symptoms. We are committed to being your partner in maintaining both eye health and overall well-being. If you’re managing an autoimmune condition and concerned about your eye health, don’t hesitate to reach out.